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I. The Probable Explanation of the Second Order Effects and the Discrepancy Between Fast- and Slow-Acting Tonometers as Illustrated with a New Electronic Tonometer

HAROLD P. SCHULZ, MD; GEORGE F. HILTON, MD; W. K. McEWEN, PhD

Arch Ophthalmol. 1963;69(6):717-721.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

Introduction

In 1885 Imbert¹ (also cf. Prijot²), set forth the basic theory of applanation tonometry. Two factors stood in the way of a practical solution to the problem: (1) The force against the area of applanation must be large enough to be measured, but the area must not be so large as to raise appreciably the intraocular pressure. (2) The bending force of the cornea and the surface tension of the tears must be obviated or corrected. Goldmann^3,4 devised a practical solution to the problem by choosing an area of applanation which would satisfy Condition 1 above and at the same time would balance out the opposing forces of Condition 2. Mackay and Marg⁵ approached the solution by employing a sensitive transducer and feedback mechanism to provide a small area of applanation and allowing the bending force of the cornea and surface tension of the tears . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
San Francisco

Footnotes
Submitted for publication Sept. 21, 1962.

Contribution from the Department of Ophthalmology and the Francis I. Proctor Foundation for Research in Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco Medical Center.

Supported in part by the Council for Research in Glaucoma and Allied Diseases and in part by a grant from the Committee on Research of The University of California San Francisco Medical Center.

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