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RICHARD M. COPENHAVER, M.D.; RALPH D. GUNKEL, O.D.

AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1959;62(1):55-68.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

Congenital color defectives, who comprise 8% of the male population,¹ have been studied until recently entirely by psychophysical methods. The object of this paper is to describe the results obtained in the study of color-defective subjects by the method of electroretinography and to compare these results to those obtained by other techniques. These subjects have more than just an interesting novelty but rather an important congenital anomaly, since the severely defective are handicapped in a variety of occupations² as well as in the appreciation of their environment.

According to the trichromatic theory of vision there are three color processes.³ Protanopes and deuteranopes are both referred to as dichromats, since they require only two color primaries to match all other spectral colors. The protanope is considered partially red-blind, since to him the red end of the spectrum appears darkened. According to most investigators, the deuteranope does not show a loss . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Bethesda, Md.

From the Ophthalmology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

Footnotes
Submitted for publication Jan. 5, 1959.

Presented at the Eastern Section Meeting of the Association for Research in Ophthalmology, New York, Nov. 21-22, 1958.

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