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GORDON L. WALLS, Sc.D.

AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1959;62(1):13-32.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

Introduction

When a gene for any of the sex-linked "red-green" color blindnesses finds expression in an ordinary male, it is only rarely that the defect it produces is anything but regular, i. e., with characteristics that vary within narrow limits and leave the defect easy to classify. Color blindness in females is subject to more variation, in proportion to the numbers affected at all. Most people who have only casual contacts with color blindness, for example, those who administer vocational screening tests without really understanding them, suppose vaguely that color-blind females are rare and perhaps accidental. They can hardly be blamed for imagining that each such female may have a unique defect.

This is not the situation. But while many, and probably most, color-blind females are in no way "accidental" and have defects identical with those which the same genes would produce in males, the defectiveness of the small color-blind . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Berkeley, Calif.

School of Optometry, University of California.

Footnotes
Submitted for publication Jan. 8, 1959.

This paper was presented at the Symposium on Visual Mechanism, held at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., Sept. 11-12, 1957, the proceedings of which were published in the Archives paper was (Vol. 60 [Oct., Pt. 2] 1958). This paper was omittedis from that issue and, as a result, is published here.

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