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GEORGE GOODMAN, M.D.; LUDWIG von SALLMANN, M.D.; MONTE G. HOLLAND, M.D.

AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1957;58(5):655-682.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

The tendency for red blood cells to assume a sickled shape under conditions of low oxygenation has been demonstrated predominantly in the Negro race.¹ Patients exhibiting this phenomenon have been classified as having sickle-cell trait, an asymptomatic carrier state, or sickle-cell anemia, a hemolytic disease with occlusive vascular complications and shortened life span. Renewed clinical interest in these entities has followed recent developments in the study of human hemoglobins.

In 1949, Pauling, Itano, Singer, and Wells² proved by means of electrophoresis that the hemoglobin in patients with sicklecell anemia (sickle-cell hemoglobin, or hemoglobin S) differs from normal adult hemoglobin (hemoglobin A). Furthermore, familial electrophoretic studies² and the genetic investigations of Neel³ established the hereditary basis for the sickling phenomenon. The inheritance of the gene for sicklecell hemoglobin from one parent and the gene for hemoglobin A from another parent, constitutes the sickle-cell trait and represents a . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Bethesda, Md.

From the Ophthalmology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

Footnotes
Received for publication May 24, 1957.

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