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FURTHER EFFORTS TO INFLUENCE X-RAY CATARACT BY CHEMICAL AGENTS
LUDWIG VON SALLMANN, M.D.
AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1952;48(3):276-291.
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ACCORDING to the target theory, significant radiobiological effects are produced solely by direct hits of single ionizing particles upon sensitive parts of irradiated cells. During the past 10 years, however, studies on the effect of x-rays on aqueous solutions of various chemical substances have indicated that indirect biochemical mechanisms mediate at least some of the actions of ionizing radiations. Of these biochemical processes, the production of active radicals by the ionization of water is best understood and is believed to be of first importance, although such other possibilities as the shifting of the redox potential of critical areas and the depression of metabolic processes by irradiation have been suggested. In vitro investigations on solutions of highly polymerized desoxyribonucleic acid1 and on sulfhydryl enzymes2 have shown clearly that the effectiveness of the radiation is decreased in the presence of other solutes, i. e., that chemical agents can protect irradiated
. . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]
Author Affiliations
With the Technical Assistance of Carmen M. Munoz NEW YORK
From the Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Institute of Ophthalmology, Presbyterian Hospital.
Footnotes
This study was supported by the Knapp Memorial Foundation.
Read in part at the Eighty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the American Ophthalmological Society, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va., June, 1951.
The studies on the effect of x-rays on the lens, of which this paper is a part, are based on work performed under Contract #AT-30-1-Gen-70 of the Atomic Energy Commission.
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