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Joseph I. Pascal, M.D.
New York

Arch Ophthal. 1949;41(2):245.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

To the Editor.

—Dr. Adler's review of Dr. Epstein's book on "Strabismus" (ARCH. OPHTH.39:840 [June] 1948), touches on a point that merits some discussion. Dr. Adler points out some errors, e. g., illustration 5 and statements on page 9 bearing on ocular torsion. Both these errors can be traced to the illustrations and legends no. 581 and 582 in Duke-Elder's "Text-Book of Ophthalmology" (London, Henry Kimpton, 1932, vol. 1, p. 595). Dr. Epstein simply took the illustrations and legends uncritically and used them in his book.

This uncritical repetition of wrong and misleading diagrams in book after book is unfortunate. A diagram on muscle action in Hansell and Reber's "Ocular Muscles," second edition (Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co., 1912, p. 28) leads the authors to say that "in movement of the eyes up and to the right, the two muscles principally concerned are the right inferior oblique . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

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