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F. HERBERT HAESSLER, M.D.

Arch Ophthal. 1941;26(2):293-308.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

The purpose of the following comments is to communicate some reflections on the part played by a divergence impulse in binocular coordination and in the clinical entity known as divergence excess.

Duane¹ was the first to suggest that divergence excess is an important anomaly of binocular function. In his series of essays giving a new classification of motor anomalies of the eyes he divided extraocular muscle functions into hypokinesis and hyperkinesis. In the category of hyperkinesis is divergence excess, or overaction of divergence. It is characterized by the following signs : There is exophoria for distance, which is usually marked, that is, more than 4 prism diopters, with a noticeable deviation out behind the screen. The associated lateral movements are normal. Diverging prisms of more than 9 prism diopters can be overcome, while divergence of 6 to 8 prism diopters was considered normal by him. Prism divergence is usually proportionate . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

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MILWAUKEE

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