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VICTOR JOHNSON, Ph.D.

Arch Ophthal. 1935;13(1):65-70.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

Following the introduction of retinoscopy by Bowman in 1859 and its use in 1873 by Cuignet and his pupils, attempts were made to explain the underlying physiologic optics. Cuignet's¹ analysis was soon followed by that of Parent,² who was credited by Tscherning³ with first giving the correct explanation. The theory of Leroy,⁴ which is essentially in agreement with that of Parent, is widely accepted. Briefly stated, the theory is that the observer sees as light only that part of the pupil which is sending light to it. Essentially the explanations of these workers are to be found in the modern textbooks of physiology and ophthalmology.

In teaching physiologic optics and retinoscopy to medical students I have felt that the available analyses were not entirely adequate. Somewhere along the way it becomes impossible to proceed rigorously with the explanation. Particularly is this true in . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
CHICAGO

From the Department of Physiology, University of Chicago.

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