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Eyes, Brains, and Autos
Matthew Rizzo, MD;
Ida L. Kellison, BA
Arch Ophthalmol. 2004;122:641-647.
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INTRODUCTION
Vision disorders pose a driving safety risk and commonly arise at the level of the eye in cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy and at the level of the brain in advancing age, stroke, and Alzheimer disease and related conditions. These disorders can increase driver safety errors because of reduced visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual fields. Aging and brain lesions, especially, can also reduce the useful field of view in drivers with normal visual fields; increase the attentional blink and change blindness; impair perception of structure and depth from visual motion cues and motion parallax; decrease perception of heading from optical flow and detection of impending collisions; and increase the chance of getting lost. Better tools are needed for detecting and alerting visually impaired drivers who are at greatest risk for a crash. These drivers can be assessed with a state-administered . . . [Full Text of this Article]
BACKGROUND AND CURRENT POLICIES
VISUAL ACUITY AND CONTRAST SENSITIVITY
GLARE
COLOR
VISUAL FIELD LOSS AND DRIVING
EFFECTS OF CEREBRAL LESIONS ON VISION
PARALLEL PROCESSING
VISUAL ATTENTION AND DRIVING
VISUAL OBJECT STRUCTURE, MOTION, AND DEPTH
NAVIGATION
RECOMMENDATIONS AND COUNTERMEASURES
From the Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroergonomics, University of Iowa, Iowa City.
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