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Louise Eksandh, MD, PhD; Grazyna Adamus, PhD; Lori Mosgrove, BS; Sten Andréasson, MD, PhD

Arch Ophthalmol. 2008;126(3):432-435.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Paraneoplastic retinopathies are rare disorders caused by the immune system's response to distal tumors. Autoantibodies generated against distant tumor antigens cross-react with different retinal proteins, resulting in retinal degeneration. Paraneoplastic retinopathies are usually divided into 2 major groups, cancer-associated retinopathy and melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR).

Cancer-associated retinopathy is usually seen in patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung and is associated with autoantibodies against recoverin and -enolase.^1-2 The autoantibodies in cancer-associated retinopathy induce apoptotic death of the photoreceptors, resulting in a severe retinal degeneration affecting both cones and rods.³

Melanoma-associated retinopathy is usually seen in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma. The disorder often appears at the stage of metastases with a sudden onset of night blindness, photopsias, shimmering, and a varying degree of visual loss.⁴ Melanoma-associated retinopathy has been associated with autoantibodies against the retinal bipolar cells,⁵ . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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