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In reply

We thank Drs Schachar and Abolmaali for their insightful comments. We are in agreement that the finite element method is an excellent way to analyze the effects of blunt trauma to the eye.

The elastic modulus of the lens was obtained from the results by Fisher.^1-2 A simplification of that data using graphical force displacement with an assumption of the average cross-sectional area for an oblong sphere (lens shape) and standard force displacement measurements for an oblong sphere assuming linear elastic behavior was used to determine the elastic modulus through inverse dynamics.

We could not directly use the previously published lens stiffness data by Czygan and Hartung³ because of a difference in method. The lens modulus may not warrant direct comparison to the cornea or scleral moduli, as the cornea and scleral "elastic" moduli are not linearly elastic. The material properties are nonlinear in their stress-strain behavior. Elastic . . . [Full Text of this Article]

AUTHOR INFORMATION
Joel Stitzel, PhD; Stefan Duma, PhD

RELATED LETTER

Proper Material Properties Are Required for the Finite Element Method
Ronald A. Schachar and Ali Abolmaali
Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124(7):1064-1065.
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RELATED ARTICLE

Blunt Trauma of the Aging Eye: Injury Mechanisms and Increasing Lens Stiffness
Joel D. Stitzel, Gail A. Hansen, Ian P. Herring, and Stefan M. Duma
Arch Ophthalmol. 2005;123(6):789-794.
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