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Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:1849-1850.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

THE PRINCIPLE that physicians must place the safety and welfare of their patients above all other considerations applies just as surely when physicians are recruiting and studying subjects in clinical investigations as it does when they are caring for the sick. Patient research in one form or another has been conducted for millennia but only in the last several decades and only in certain countries have regulations been promulgated that guide the ethical conduct of human experimentation. At present in the United States, human studies are regulated by the Code of Federal Regulations¹ and the revised Declaration of Helsinki.²

The protection of subjects is the special responsibility of boards that evaluate research protocols for the risks that they might pose. These standing institutional review boards or human studies committees also monitor the progress of approved investigations throughout the life of the project. To help ensure that data are obtained in . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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