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I. Summary Report of the Risk Factors for Glaucomatous Visual-Field Defects

Mansour F. Armaly, MD; Dean E. Krueger, MA, MS; Lucinda Maunder, MA; Bernard Becker, MD; John Hetherington, Jr, MD; Allan E. Kolker, MD; Ralph Z. Levene, MD; A. Edward Maumenee, MD; Irvin P. Pollack, MD; Robert N. Shaffer, MD

Arch Ophthalmol. 1980;98(12):2163-2171.

Abstract
• A prospective collaborative study was conducted in five centers during a 13-year period to identify factors that influence the development of visual-field defects (GVFDs) of open angle glaucoma. In 5,000 subjects, GVFDs developed in only 1.7% of eyes. Statistical analysis of 26 factors at first examination identified five that were significantly related to the development of GVFDs—outflow facility, age, applanation pressure, cup-disc ratio, and pressure change after water drinking. Their absolute initial value, and not its change with time, was the important predictor. Multivariate analysis showed their collective predictive power to be undesirably poor, indicating that other factors must play an important role in the development of GVFDs. Mortality-table analysis indicated that during a period of five years, 98.54% of eyes with initial pressure less than 20 mm Hg continued to be free from GVFDs as compared with 93.34% of those with pressure 20 mm Hg or greater.

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Biostatistics Center, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC (Dr Armaly, Mr Krueger, and Ms Maunder); Washington University, St Louis (Drs Becker and Kolker); University of California, San Francisco (Drs Hetherington and Shaffer); New York University, New York (Dr Levene); and The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore (Drs Maumenee and Pollack).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication May 7, 1980.

Reprint requests to Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University Medical Center, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington, DC 20037 (Dr Armaly).

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