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Methyl Alcohol PoisoningII. Development of a Model for Ocular Toxicity in Methyl Alcohol Poisoning Using the Rhesus Monkey
Gladys Martin-Amat, MD;
Thomas R. Tephly, MD, PhD;
Kenneth E. McMartin;
Adeeb B. Makar, PhD;
Manmohinder S. Hayreh, MD;
Sohan S. Hayreh, MD, PhD, FRCS;
Gary Baumbach, MD;
Pasquale Cancilla, MD
Arch Ophthalmol. 1977;95(10):1847-1850.
Abstract
• Rhesus monkeys were intoxicated with methyl alcohol, using an initial dose of 2 gm/kg and subsequent doses were administered in order to maintain an attenuated and prolonged state of intoxication. Arterial blood samples were drawn for methyl alcohol, formate, Po2, Pco2, and pH, which were monitored periodically throughout the course of the experiment. With the use of these procedures monkeys developed metabolic acidosis with the accumulation of formic acid in the blood and a corresponding decrease in blood bicarbonate. These animals served as models, which allowed for ocular evaluation for early signs related to methyl alcohol poisoning. A mechanism to explain toxicity is proposed and discussed.
(Arch Ophthalmol 95:1847-1850, 1977)
Author Affiliations
From the Toxicology Center, Departments of Pharmacology (Drs Martin-Amat, Tephly, and Makar, and Mr McMartin), Ophthalmology (Drs M. Hayreh and S. Hayreh), and Pathology (Drs Baumbach and Cancilla), College of Medicine, the University of Iowa, Iowa City.
Footnotes
Accepted for publication Sept 13, 1976.
Reprint requests to the Toxicology Center, Department of Pharmacology, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 (Dr Tephly).
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