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Kyoko Ishida, MD; Peter A. Netland, MD, PhD

Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124:800-806.

Objective  To evaluate the results of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve implantation in African American and white patients.

Methods  In this retrospective, comparative case-control study, we reviewed 86 eyes of 86 patients, comparing the surgical outcomes in white patients (n = 43) with matched African American patients (n = 43). Success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) between 6 mm Hg and 21 mm Hg with or without glaucoma medicines, without further glaucoma surgery, and without loss of light perception (definition 1) and an IOP between 6 mm Hg and 21 mm Hg and achievement of a 20% reduction in IOP from the preoperative level (definition 2).

Results  The mean follow-up was 2.3 years for white patients and 2.5 years for African American patients (P = .50). At the last follow-up, the mean ± SD IOP was 15.3 ± 3.3 mm Hg and 15.3 ± 3.5 mm Hg (P = .77) in white and African American patients, respectively. Life table analysis showed a significantly lower success rate for African American patients compared with white patients by both definition 1 (P = .03) and definition 2 (P = .006). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis detected African American race as a risk factor for surgical failure by both definitions. Visual outcomes and complications were comparable between the 2 groups.

Conclusion  African American patients have a greater risk of surgical failure after Ahmed Glaucoma Valve implantation compared with white patients.

Author Affiliations: Hamilton Eye Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (Drs Ishida and Netland), and Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu Graduate University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan (Dr Ishida).

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