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Medication Use and the 5-Year Incidence of Early Age-Related Maculopathy
The Beaver Dam Eye Study
Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:1354-1359.
Objective To evaluate incident early age-related maculopathy (ARM) after a 5-year
interval with respect to medication use.
Design Population-based incidence study.
Setting Participants were adults aged 43 to 86 years living in Beaver Dam, Wis,
when first examined in 1988-1990 (n = 4926); they were reexamined in 1993-1995
(n = 3684).
Methods All participants were examined and interviewed and stereoscopic color
fundus photographs were taken. All procedures were done by standard protocol
at both examinations. Incidence of ARM was based on grading using the Wisconsin
ARM Grading System. All prescribed and over-the-counter medications in current
use were brought to the examination site and the names were recorded at that
time.
Results There were 678 drug preparations (active ingredients) being used at
the baseline examination. No relations were found between most antihypertensive
drugs, most central nervous system medications, aspirin and other nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory agents, estrogens, lipid-lowering agents, and incident early
ARM over the 5-year period. Age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analyses
suggested possible associations (P<.10) between
the use of phenothiazine antidopaminergics (odds ratio [OR], 2.83; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 0.97-8.23; P = .06), desiccated thyroid
hormones (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 0.89-6.07; P = .09),
and calcium channel blockers (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 0.93-3.12; P = .08) with incident ARM. When additional information on past use
was included in the regression model, the association remained for calcium
channel blockers, but not for phenothiazines and desiccated thyroid hormones.
A lower incidence of early ARM occurred in those who took antidepressants
(OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.12-0.94; P = .04) at the baseline
examination.
Conclusion Although many different medications were being used at the baseline
examination in the Beaver Dam Eye Study cohort, there were no striking associations
with the 5-year incidence of early ARM.
Ronald Klein, MD;
Barbara E. K. Klein, MD;
Susan C. Jensen, MS;
Karen J. Cruickshanks, PhD;
Kris E. Lee, MS;
Lorraine G. Danforth, BS;
Sandra C. Tomany, MS
From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (Drs R. Klein,
B. E. K. Klein, and Cruickshanks and Mss Jensen, Lee, Danforth, and Tomany)
and Preventive Medicine (Dr Cruickshanks), University of Wisconsin Medical
School, Madison.
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