 |
|
Augmented Reality Fundus Biomicroscopy
A Working Clinical Prototype
Jeffrey W. Berger, MD, PhD;
Bojidar Madjarov, MD
Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:1815-1818.
Background To guide treatment for macular diseases and to facilitate real-time image correlation, measurement, and comparison, we developed a method for direct overlay of previously stored photographic and angiographic images onto the real-time slitlamp fundus view.
Methods Previously acquired fundus photographs and angiography images were digitized. A slitlamp interfaced to a charge-coupled device camera, framegrabber, and computer allowed for real-time acquisition and digitization of slitlamp fundus images that was synchronous with posterior segment examination. Custom-developed video injectors containing a miniature cathode ray tube display allowed for real-time superposition of angiographic images to the fundus view. Registration and tracking algorithms were developed and deployed in C++. The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated in 5 human subjects.
Results The computer-vision algorithms provided robust registration, tracking, and image overlay of previously stored photographic and angiographic images directly onto the real-time fundus view. Accurate tracking was demonstrated with updates at 3 to 5 Hz. Direct overlay of previously stored images confirmed registration accuracy, but examiners preferred a more simple rendering that included only relevant information and eliminated extraneous, potentially confusing image data.
Conclusions Slitlamp-based video injection of previously stored images allows for accurate, robust, real-time correlation and comparison to the biomicroscopic fundus view in human subjects.
From the Computer Vision Laboratory, Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. A patent is pending for portions of this technology, with patent rights assigned to the University of Pennsylvania.
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
The Human Retina in Health and Disease [CD-ROM]
Nork
Arch Ophthalmol 2002;120:1239-1239.
FULL TEXT
|
