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Pharmacological Validation of a Feline Model of Steroid-Induced Ocular Hypertension
Parimal Bhattacherjee, PhD;
Christopher A. Paterson, DSc;
Joan M. Spellman, MS;
G. Graff, PhD;
John M. Yanni, PhD
Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:361-364.
Objective To validate pharmacologically the feline model of steroid-induced ocular hypertension.
Methods Serial studies were conducted in domesticated adult female cats trained to accept topical ocular drug administration and pneumotonometry. To establish intraocular pressure (IOP) values for each study, measurements were performed at the same time of day for 6 consecutive days. Beginning on day 7, cats received either steroid or vehicle administered topically to both eyes three times a day for approximately 28 days. The IOP measurements were performed daily.
Results After 5 to 7 days of treatment with 0.1% dexamethasone or 1.0% prednisolone acetate, IOP began to increase, reaching peak values within 2 weeks. These values were sustained throughout dosing but declined rapidly to baseline upon cessation of treatment. Maximum IOPs for the dexamethasone- and prednisolone-treated groups averaged 4.5 ± 0.3 mm Hg (n=12) greater than the mean IOP value obtained in vehicle-treated cats. Cats treated with 0.25% fluorometholone, 1.0% loteprednol etabonate, and 1.0% rimexolone exhibited increases of 0.6, 1.2, and 1.7 mm Hg, respectively. These values were significantly lower than those observed following treatment with dexamethasone or prednisolone.
Conclusions The ocular hypertensive effects of selected anti-inflammatory topical ocular steroids in this model are consistent with clinical findings.
Clinical Relevance This feline model is a useful tool for assessing the potential IOP liability of novel anti-inflammatory steroids.
From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky (Drs Bhattacherjee and Paterson), and Ophthalmic Products Research, Alcon Laboratories Inc, Fort Worth, Tex (Mrs Spellman and Drs Graff and Yanni). Drs Bhattacherjee and Paterson were sponsored by Alcon Laboratories, Inc. The other authors are employees of Alcon Laboratories, which markets VEXOL.
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