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Age-related Macular Degeneration and Antioxidant Status in the POLA Study
Cécile Delcourt, PhD;
Jean-Paul Cristol, MD;
Frédéric Tessier, PhD;
Claude L. Léger, PhD;
Bernard Descomps, MD;
Laure Papoz, PhD;
and the POLA Study Group
Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:1384-1390.
Objective To give the levels of antioxidant nutrients in relation to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Methods Pathologies Oculaires Liées à l'Age is a population-based study on cataract and AMD and their risk factors, carried out on 2584 inhabitants of Sète, France. Age-related macular degeneration was defined by findings from fundus photographs according to an international classification. Biological measurements were taken from fasting blood samples.
Results After multivariate adjustment, plasma  -tocopherol levels showed a weak negative association with late AMD (P=.07). Lipid-standardized plasma -tocopherol levels showed a significant negative association with late AMD (P=.003): the risk of late AMD was reduced by 82% in the highest quintile compared with the lowest. Similarly, lipid-standardized plasma -tocopherol levels were inversely associated with early signs of AMD (odds ratio, 0.72 [95% confidence interval, 0.53-0.98]; P=.04). No associations were found with plasma retinol and ascorbic acid levels or with red blood cell glutathione values.
Comment These results suggest that vitamin E may provide protection against AMD. Only randomized interventional studies could prove the protective effect of vitamin E on AMD.
From INSERM Unité 500, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Drs Delcourt and Papoz), the Laboratoire de Biologie et Biochimie des Lipides (Drs Cristol, Léger, and Descomps), Montpellier, and the Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Institut National Agronomique (Dr Tessier), Paris, France. A complete listing of the POLA Study Group was published previously (Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:1033).
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