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Transforming Growth Factor ₂ in the Vitreous in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Kumiko Hirase, MD; Tsunehiko Ikeda, MD, PhD; Chie Sotozono, MD, PhD; Kohji Nishida, MD, PhD; Hiroshi Sawa, MD; Shigeru Kinoshita, MD, PhD

Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:738-741.

Objective  To evaluate the hypothesis that transforming growth factor ₂ (TGF- ₂) is involved in the cause of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods  We assayed TGF- ₂ levels in the vitreous of patients with PDR and other vitreoretinal disorders. Forty-nine vitreous specimens were obtained from eyes of patients with PDR undergoing vitrectomy, and 19 vitreous specimens from nondiabetic subjects served as controls. We assessed TGF- ₂ levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Both mature and total TGF- ₂ levels were quantified.

Results  The mean (± SD) total levels of TGF- ₂ were 2634 (± 1652) pg/mL in the patients with PDR and 1305 (± 972) pg/mL in controls. The mean (± SD) levels of mature TGF- ₂ were 244 (± 316) pg/mL in patients with PDR and 79 (± 81) pg/mL in controls. Total and mature TGF- ₂ levels were significantly greater in patients with PDR (total TGF- ₂, P<.001; mature TGF- ₂, P<.01). Mature TGF- ₂ levels were higher in the vitreous of patients who had severe fibrous proliferation.

Conclusion  The results indicate increased levels of both total and mature TGF- ₂ in the vitreous of patients with PDR, suggesting that TGF- ₂ plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PDR.

From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

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