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A Long-term Dose-Response Study of Mitomycin in Glaucoma Filtration Surgery
Alan L. Robin, MD;
R. Ramakrishnan, MD;
R. Krishnadas, MD;
Scott D. Smith, MD;
Joanne D. Katz, ScD;
S. Selvaraj, MSc;
Gregory L. Skuta, MD;
Rohit Bhatnagar, MD
Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115(8):969-974.
Abstract
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Objective
To establish the long-term, dose-response relationship between the concentration of and duration of exposure to mitomycin to a decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) and fewer complications.
Methods
We performed a prospective doublemasked, placebo-controlled, 1-year study evaluating the decrease in IOP and fewer complications of fornixbased trabeculectomy surgery in 300 eyes equally divided among therapy with placebo; mitomycin, 0.2 mg/mL, applied for 2 minutes; mitomycin, 0.2 mg/mL, applied for 4 minutes; or mitomycin, 0.4 mg/mL, applied for 2 minutes. All of the eyes had vertical and horizontal cupdisc ratios greater than 0.7.
Results
We observed significant treatment-related differences in IOP, with a decrease in IOP in all 3 mitomycintreated groups for all of the times beyond 1 month. The number of eyes achieving strict IOP control and the development of cataract suggest a possible dose-response effect for concentration and time of exposure. Progressive lens opacification was the most frequent complication in 54 eyes (18.1%). The incidence of progressive lens changes markedly increased in subjects receiving 4 minutes of mitomycin therapy. Cataract formation was unrelated to IOP. Other complications were rare. Macular folds developed in 6 patients, with visual acuity returning to better than 20/40 in all but 1 patient.
Conclusions
A possible dose-response relationship seemed to exist between the concentration of and duration of exposure to mitomycin. Length of exposure seems to be more important than concentration. The benefits of additional decreases in IOP must be weighed against the potential for increases in the risk of complications.
Author Affiliations
From the Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public Health (Drs Robin, Smith, and Katz) and the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine (Drs Robin, Smith, Katz, and Bhatnagar), The Johns Hopkins University, the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland (Dr Robin) Baltimore, Md; the Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India (Drs Ramakrishnan and Krishnadas and Mr Selvaraj); and the Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Okla (Dr Skuta).
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