Associations with intraocular pressure in the Barbados Eye Study
S. Y. Wu and M. C. Leske
Department of Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center at Stony Brook, NY 11794-8036, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the demographic, medical, ocular, familial, and
other factors possibly associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) in a
black population, after excluding persons with any type of glaucoma.
DESIGN: The Barbados Eye Study was a population-based study of a random
sample of residents of Barbados, West Indies, aged 40 to 84 years.
PARTICIPANTS: A subset of the Barbados Eye Study population consisting of
3752 black Barbados Eye Study participants without glaucoma. DATA
COLLECTION: A standardized protocol included applanation tonometry and
other ocular data, blood pressure measurements, anthropometry, complexion
pigmentation gradings, and a comprehensive interview. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:
Intraocular pressure was based on the average of 3 measurements at the
Barbados Eye Study visit. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate
factors associated with IOP. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure (or
hypertension), diabetes history, and age were the major factors positively
associated with IOP (P<.01). Other positively related factors were
female gender, darker complexion, pulse rate, higher body mass,
seasonality, family history of glaucoma, current alcohol use, and current
smoking. These factors explained 10% of the variation in IOP. CONCLUSIONS:
By identifying risk factors, these results define specific subgroups most
likely to have an elevated IOP. The high IOP in this population may be
linked to the high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes. Aside from age
and a family history of glaucoma, none of the risk factors for high IOP
evaluated in this study was similar to those associated with open-angle
glaucoma.
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Arch Ophthalmol 2003;121:856-862.
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Leske et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 2002;120:954-959.
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Arch Ophthalmol 2001;119:875-880.
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Incidence of Open-Angle Glaucoma: The Barbados Eye Studies
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