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Comparing Topical Ketorolac and Diclofenac

Berthold Seitz, MD; Kris Sorken; Laurie D. LaBree, MS; Jenny J. Garbus; Peter J. McDonnell, MD

Arch Ophthalmol. 1996;114(8):921-924.

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the effect of topical 0.5% ketorolac tromethamine and 0.1% diclofenac sodium on human corneal sensitivity and to assess the intensity of burning sensation at specific intervals after drop instillation.

Design and Setting
Double-masked parallel clinical study.

Patients
Eleven women and 4 men (8 white, 4 Hispanic, 3 Asian), 22 to 60 years of age (mean[±SD], 34±10 years).

Interventions
Repeated instillation of either ketorolac and placebo or diclofenac and placebo at 5-minute intervals.

Main Outcome Measures
Assessment of corneal sensitivity before instillation, immediately after instillation, and after termination of drop application; and subjective evaluation of burning sensation by asking participants to rate burning on a scale ranging from 0 (none) to 3 (severe) after each drop application.

Results
Both diclofenac (P<.01) and ketorolac (P<.01) decreased corneal sensitivity significantly, while the placebo had no measurable effect. After administration of additional drops over time, the effect of diclofenac and ketorolac increased. After termination of the drug instillation, corneal sensitivity returned to baseline significantly slower (P<.01) in participants receiving diclofenac than in those receiving ketorolac. Ketorolac (P=.01) and diclofenac (P<.05) were significantly more effective in whites than in nonwhites. Mean burning sensation was mild, and there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 drugs on this measure (P=.12).

Conclusions
The decrease in corneal sensitivity in normal human corneas is more pronounced and longer lasting with diclofenac than with ketorolac. Both drugs are well tolerated topically and may be useful for pain reduction after refractive corneal surgery.

Author Affiliations
From the Doheny Eye Institute (Drs Seitz and McDonnell and Mss Sorken and Garbus), and the Departments of Ophthalmology and Preventive Medicine (Ms LaBree), University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; and the Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (Dr Seitz).

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