Cigarette Smoking and Risk for Progression of Nuclear Opacities

doi:10.1001/archopht.1995.01100110037022

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Vol. 113 No. 11, November 1995

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Cigarette Smoking and Risk for Progression of Nuclear Opacities

Sheila West, PhD; Beatriz Muñoz, MS; Oliver D. Schein, MD; Susan Vitale, MHS; Maureen Maguire, PhD; Hugh R. Taylor, MD; Neil M. Bressler, MD

Arch Ophthalmol. 1995;113(11):1377-1380.

Abstract

Objective
To examine the relationships between smoking and the 5-yearincidence of new nuclear opacities and between smoking and theprogression of nuclear opacities in a prospective study of acohort of Chesapeake Bay watermen.

Methods
A total of 442 men (age, $≥$ 30 years in 1985) with paired, gradablelens photographs in at least one eye in both 1985 and 1990 werestudied. Photographs were graded by two readers who used thegrading scheme of the Wilmer Institute, Baltimore, Md, withseverity ranging in decimal units between 0.0 and 4.0. Dataon the smoking history of the subjects were collected by personalinterviews that were conducted in 1985 and updated in 1990.

Results
The incidence and progression of opacities increased with age.A nonsignificant association was observed between smoking (forboth current and exsmokers) and the incidence of a nuclear opacity.The risk of progression of nuclear opacities of less than grade3 at baseline to grade 3 or worse was 2.4-fold higher amongcurrent smokers in 1985, compared with that among exsmokersand nonsmokers (95% confidence limits: 1.0, 6.0) after adjustmentfor age, baseline opacity status, and alcohol use. An 18% increasedrisk of progression was significantly associated with each pack-yearthat a subject smoked between 1985 and 1990.

Conclusion
These data confirm previous findings that smoking is associatedwith a nuclear opacity, particularly with progression to severeopacities.

Author Affiliations

From the Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (Drs West, Schein, Maguire, and Bressler and Mss Muñoz and Vitale), and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne (Australia), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (Dr Taylor).

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