Short-wavelength automated perimetry in low-, medium-, and high-risk ocular hypertensive eyes. Initial baseline results
C. A. Johnson, J. D. Brandt, A. M. Khong and A. J. Adams
Optics and Visual Assessment Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between the prevalence of
short-wavelength sensitivity losses in the central 30 degrees visual field
and risk factors for development of glaucomatous visual field loss in
ocular hypertension. DESIGN: A modified Humphrey Field Analyzer was used to
perform standard automated perimetry and short-wavelength automated
perimetry (SWAP), which is a technique that isolates the activity of
short-wavelength-sensitive ("blue") mechanisms. In addition, an assessment
of the risk of developing glaucomatous visual field loss was determined,
based on a validated model that utilized intraocular pressure, a family
history of glaucoma, age, and the vertical cup-to-disc ratio. PATIENTS:
Both eyes of 232 ocular hypertensive patients were examined and compared
with results from an age-matched control group of normal subjects. Both
ocular hypertensive patients and normal subjects had to have normal visual
fields on standard automated perimetry, good visual acuity, and no evidence
of other ocular or neurologic disease or surgery. Intraocular pressure in
the ocular hypertensive patients was 21 mm Hg or greater OU (without
medication), and it was less than 20 mm Hg OU in normal control subjects.
RESULTS: Less than 10% of the low-risk ocular hypertensive eyes had a SWAP
deficit, as compared with 20% of the moderate-risk and 33% of the high-risk
ocular hypertensive eyes. Intraocular pressure and a family history of
glaucoma showed no meaningful relationship with the prevalence of SWAP
deficits, but both age and the vertical cup-to-disc ratio demonstrated a
strong association with the SWAP abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: The SWAP
results that were found in the ocular hypertensive eyes were associated
with other risk factors that have been reported to be predictive of the
development of glaucomatous visual field loss, especially the vertical
cup-to-disc ratio and age. These findings support the notion that the SWAP
deficits represent early glaucomatous damage and may be related to early
changes that occur at the optic nerve head.
Detection of psychophysical and structural injury in eyes with glaucomatous optic neuropathy and normal standard automated perimetry.
Bagga et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 2006;124:169-176.
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Short wavelength automated perimetry in age related maculopathy
Remky et al.
Br. J. Ophthalmol. 2001;85:1432-1436.
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Long-term Fluctuation in Short-Wavelength Automated Perimetry in Glaucoma Suspects and Glaucoma Patients
Hutchings et al.
IOVS 2001;42:2332-2337.
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Comparison of Conventional and Pattern Discrimination Perimetry in a Prospective Study of Glaucoma Patients
Ansari et al.
IOVS 2000;41:4150-4157.
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Visual Function-Specific Perimetry for Indirect Comparison of Different Ganglion Cell Populations in Glaucoma
Sample et al.
IOVS 2000;41:1783-1790.
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Achromatic and Short-Wavelength Automated Perimetry in Patients With Glaucomatous Large Cups
Mansberger et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 1999;117:1473-1477.
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Short-Wavelength Automated Perimetry and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Evaluation in Suspected Cases of Glaucoma
Polo et al.
Arch Ophthalmol 1998;116:1295-1298.
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Impaired motion sensitivity as a predictor of subsequent field loss in glaucoma suspects: the Roscommon Glaucoma Study
Wu et al.
Br. J. Ophthalmol. 1998;82:534-537.
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