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David R. Guyer, MD; Lawrence A. Yannuzzi, MD; Jason S. Slakter, MD; John A. Sorenson, MD; Allen Ho, MD; Dennis Orlock, CRA

Arch Ophthalmol. 1994;112(8):1057-1062.

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is poorly understood. Abnormalities in the choroidal circulation have been hypothesized to be causative factors. Fluorescein angiography has not been particularly useful in identifying specific choroidal defects in CSC, largely because of inherent limitations in imaging with this technique. Recent technologic advances in digital indocyanine green videoangiography allow enhanced imaging of the choroid and other subretinal structures in comparison with fluorescein angiography.

Methods
We performed digital indocyanine green videoangiography in 29 consecutive eyes with CSC and compared our results with clinical and fluorescein angiographic findings.

Results
Several newly recognized subretinal abnormalities in CSC were noted with digital indocyanine green videoangiography, including (1) presumed hyperpermeability of the choroidal circulation surrounding active retinal pigment epithelial leaks, (2) additional focal and multifocal areas of presumed choroidal hyperpermeability not associated with abnormalities detectable by fluorescein angiography or clinical examination, and (3) multiple presumed "occult" serous retinal pigment epithelial detachments with a characteristic indocyanine green videoangiographic pattern.

Conclusion
We suggest that the pathogenesis of CSC may be due to a choroidal vascular hyperpermeability with and without associated active pigment epithelial leaks and multiple presumed "occult" serous retinal pigment epithelial detachments. Based on these findings, a hypothetical model can be constructed related to the pathogenesis of CSC, beginning with choroidal abnormalities that secondarily affect the retinal pigment epithelium and neurosensory retina.

Author Affiliations
From the Retinal Service and the Retinal Research Laboratory, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital (Drs Guyer, Yannuzzi, Slakter, Sorenson, and Ho, and Mr Orlock), and the Department of Ophthalmology, Cornell University Medical College (Dr Guyer), New York, NY. Dr Yannuzzi is a member of the board of directors of Akorn Inc, Abita Springs, La, which distributes indocyanine green.

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