Ultraviolet Light Exposure and Risk of Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts

doi:10.1001/archopht.1989.01070010379027

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Vol. 107 No. 3, March 1989

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Ultraviolet Light Exposure and Risk of Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts

Tom W. Bochow, MD, MPH; Sheila K. West, PhD; Alex Azar, MD; Beatriz Munoz, MS; Alfred Sommer, MD, MHSc; Hugh R. Taylor, MD

Arch Ophthalmol. 1989;107(3):369-372.

Abstract

• Posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataracts are a visuallydisabling form of cataract and account for 40% of surgical cases.Although PSC opacities may occur following intraocular inflammation,trauma, or use of steroids, the cause is often unknown. A case-controlstudy was undertaken to investigate the role of exposure toultraviolet light in the B range (UV-B) and other potentialrisk factors for the development of PSC cataracts. SurgicalPSC cataract cases from a large rural ophthalmic practice onthe lower eastern shore of Maryland were matched with phakiccontrols without PSC cataract changes from the same geographicarea by age, sex, and referral pattern. All patients with PSCopacities who underwent cataract surgery in a 12-month periodwere chosen. One hundred sixty-eight cases and 168 controlswere interviewed regarding sunlight exposure, drug use, occupationalhistory, history of diabetes, hypertension, and other diseases.Matched-pairs analyses indicated that a history of relativelyhigh exposure to UV-B was associated with increased risk ofPSC cataracts. The association of PSC cataracts with steroiduse and diabetes was reconfirmed. Subjects with blue eyes andless than high school education were also at increased riskfor PSC cataracts. Smoking and hypertension were not found tobe PSC cataract risk factors. These data suggest that UV-B exposuremay be an important risk factor for PSC cataracts.

Author Affiliations

From the Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology of the Wilmer Institute and the School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore (Drs Bochow, West, Sommer, and Taylor, and Ms Munoz), and the Peninsula Eye Center, Salisbury, Md (Dr Azar).

Footnotes

Accepted for publication Sept 8, 1988.

Reprint requests to 116 Wilmer Bldg, The Johns Hopkins Hospital,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 (Dr West).

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