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Ocular Immunopathologic Findings of Experimental Onchocerciasis
John J. Donnelly, PhD;
John H. Rockey, MD, PhD;
A. E. Bianco, PhD;
E. J. L. Soulsby, DVSM, MRCVS, PhD
Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102(4):628-634.
Abstract
• Ocular immunopathologic responses of inbred guinea pigs infected with Onchocerca microfilariae from domesticated animals were studied as a laboratory model of human ocular onchocerciasis. A single intracorneal infection of normal guinea pigs with microfilariae produced only minimal ocular lesions. In contrast, intracorneal infection of guinea pigs previously immunized by systemic infection with microfilariae produced intense corneal and uveal inflammation. Transfer of splenic lymphocytes from immunized donors to syngeneic normal recipients substituted effectively for the active immunization. Cell recipients produced marked corneal inflammatory reactions when challenged by a single intracorneal infection. Fresh and cryopreserved microfilariae produced identical reactions. The corneal inflammatory infiltrates were composed primarily of eosinophils, neutrophils, and plasma cells and resembled human onchocercal keratitis. Diethylcarbamazine citrate administration after a challenge intracorneal infection increased the severity of the corneal inflammatory response in immunized animals.
Author Affiliations
From the Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, England (Drs Donnelly and Soulsby); the Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia (Drs Donnelly and Rockey); and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Winches Farm Field Station, St Albans, England (Dr Bianco).
Footnotes
Accepted for publication March 23, 1983.
Reprint requests to Scheie Eye Institute, 51 N 39th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Dr Donnelly).
This work was undertaken while Dr Donnelly was a visiting worker at the Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge (England), and was supported by a Fight for Sight Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from Fight for Sight, Inc, New York City; by grants from the United Nations Development Program/World Bank/World Health Organization Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (Drs Bianco and Soulsby) and from the Wellcome Trust (Dr Soulsby); by an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness (Dr Rockey); by the Gretel and Eugene Ormandy Teaching and Research Fund (Dr Rockey); and by US Public Health Service national research service award EY-05622 (Dr Donnelly) and research grant EY-03984 (Dr Rockey).
Diethylcarbamazine citrate was provided by Colin Burren of Wellcome Laboratories, Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire, England.
Hugh R. Taylor, MD, provided helpful suggestions during manuscript preparation. Sally Goodman and Robert C. Patterson provided technical assistance.
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